933 to c.1760 · Monarchs · Lords of the Manor · Key Documents · Key Events
The earliest surviving document relating to Stalbridge Weston: a grant by King Æthelstan on 26 January 933 of ‘5 (or 8) hides at Weston’ to Sherborne Minster.
For over 600 years, the manor was held by the ecclesiastical institution at Sherborne: first as Sherborne Minster from 933, then as a Benedictine Abbey after 998.
Granted permission to convert the Sherborne monastic community to follow the Benedictine rule, and confirmed the 8 hides held by Sherborne at Weston.
William of Normandy arrived in 1066, and earned himself the title William the Conqueror. The Anglo-Saxon ruling elite was replaced by a Norman one.
A royal survey recording who held which lands in much of England and parts of Wales, what resources and people were there, and what it was all worth for taxation.
A prolonged civil war during which royal power fragmented and law and order collapsed as rival barons and warlords filled the vacuum left by a weakened crown.
King John, under baronial pressure, sealed Magna Carta, a charter limiting royal power and asserting that the king must govern according to the law.
When John tried to evade Magna Carta, rebel barons fought a civil war.
Years of torrential rain, crop failure and livestock disease caused a prolonged famine across much of northern Europe, bringing mass hunger, high mortality, and the end of earlier medieval growth.
Lay Subsidy Rolls are royal tax records listing lay (non-clerical) taxpayers and their assessed wealth in order to raise money for the Crown.
A. D. Mills (ed.), Dorset Lay Subsidy Roll of 1332 (Dorset Record Society, 1971)
A devastating outbreak of plague killed perhaps a third or more of the population, transforming England’s economy, society and religious life.
TNA, SC 11/175
A formal survey commissioned by the Abbot of Sherborne, listing and valuing the manor’s lands, tenants, rents, services and other profits.
The National Archives, SC 11/175: Extent of Stalbridge Weston manor, with other manors, 1348
Sparked by an unpopular poll tax and long‑standing post‑plague grievances, peasants and townspeople rose in rebellion against royal officials, briefly forcing concessions before the movement was suppressed.
A recurrent, fast‑killing epidemic disease that struck Tudor England in several waves, intermittently depopulating households.
Royal tax records listing lay (non-clerical) taxpayers and their assessed wealth in order to raise an money for the Crown.
‘Dorset Subsidy Roll (Tithing of Weston)’, Somerset & Dorset Notes and Queries 3 (1893–94): 192, 200.
Royal tax records listing lay (non-clerical) taxpayers and their assessed wealth in order to raise money for the Crown.
The National Archives, E 179/103/120: Lay subsidy roll for Dorset, 1525.
Henry VIII’s survey of ecclesiastical wealth.
Valor Ecclesiasticus, vol. 1 (London, 1810), p. 283 [Diocese of Salisbury, 'Manerium de Weston']
The Dissolution of the Monasteries was Henry VIII’s 1536–1541 programme to close England and Wales’s religious houses and confiscate their property for the Crown. Sherborne’s turn came in 1539.
At the Dissolution of the Monasteries, the manor passed from Sherborne Abbey to the Crown. It was managed for seven years by the Court of Augmentations before Henry VIII granted it to lay owners.
The 1539 muster rolls are county lists of able‑bodied men and their basic arms, compiled for Henry VIII’s planned defence against a feared French invasion.
T. L. Stoate (ed.), Dorset Tudor Muster Rolls, 1539, 1542, 1569 (Bristol: The editor, 1978).
A Particulars for Grant is a royal survey or schedule describing the lands and revenues to be sold or granted by the Crown, prepared so officials could value the property and set the terms of the grant.
The National Archives, E 318/21/1150: Commissioners for the Sale of Crown Lands, Particulars for Grants, entry for Weston manor in Dorset.
Held the manor for a single day on 19 March 1546 as part of a sale-and-resale conveyance, a common Tudor device for moving land between owners.
Clerk of the Court of Augmentations. First lay lord of the manor after the Dissolution. Held the manor for twenty-six years until his death.
The Mid-Tudor Crisis marks the rapid swings between Protestant and Catholic reforms under Edward VI and Mary I, which repeatedly upended parish worship and everyday religious practice.
Probate documents for Weston residents relating to the Tudor period.
Various: TNA PROB series; Taunton (Somerset Heritage Centre); summarised on site
Christina inherited the manor from her father Richard Duke and held it for thirty-six years. During much of that time, her second husband Gregory Sprint had legal control through his marriage.
Successive bad wheat harvests sent grain prices soaring, brought scarcity, vagrancy and occasional food riots, and hit small rural communities and their tenants especially hard.
After James I came to the throne in 1603, he quickly faced the Catholic‑led Bye Plot to kidnap him for religious toleration and the aristocratic Main Plot to depose him in favour of Arbella Stuart
Last of the Duke line. Inherited from his mother Christina two years before his death.
Probate documents for Weston residents relating to the Stuart period.
Various: TNA PROB series; Taunton (Somerset Heritage Centre); summarised on site
Statesman and chief minister to James I. Held the manor for a single year before sale.
Local gentry. Bought the manor from Robert Cecil and held it for nearly half a century.
A manorial rental is a lord’s listing of tenants, their holdings, and the rents or services they owe, used to manage the manor’s income.
Somerset Heritage Centre, DD/WHh/456: Rental of Stalbridge Weston Manor, with court proceedings, c.1558–1612.
The Protestation Returns of 1641–1642 are parish lists of adult men who swore (or refused) an oath to defend the Protestant religion and the rights of Parliament on the eve of the Civil War.
Edward Alexander Fry and George Samuel Fry (eds.), Dorset Records: The Dorset Protestation Returns Preserved in the House of Lords, 1641–2, vol. 12 (Dorset, 1912).
Armed conflict between king and Parliament that shattered royal authority, drew in Scotland and Ireland, and ended with Charles I’s execution and Cromwell’s rise.
Civil War and Interregnum politics unleashed competing Protestant sects and ‘godly’ reforms, breaking parish uniformity before the Restoration re‑imposed the Church of England.
George Thornhull’s heir. Held the manor for six years before sale to William Whitchurch.
Prepared for the sale of Weston, this is an itemised list describing the individual parcels, tenancies, and rights being conveyed, attached to the deed so the extent of the manor was identified.
A linen draper from Frome Selwood, who bought the manor in 1663 and passed control to his son in 1671.
A manorial court book records the business of a manor’s courts – disputes, local bylaws, and copyhold land transfers.
The National Archives, C 116/60: Court book of Stalbridge Weston manor, with ‘Antioch’, 1663–1716.
Given control of the manor in 1671 by his father (William Whitchurch the Elder) and held it for forty-eight years. High Sheriff of Somerset (1691).
The Duke of Monmouth’s failed West Country rising against James II ended in defeat at Sedgemoor and brutal reprisals in the ‘Bloody Assizes’ that scarred many local communities.
James II was deposed and replaced by William and Mary in a largely bloodless coup that entrenched Protestant rule and strengthened Parliament over the Crown.
Probate documents for Weston residents relating to the Georgian period.
Various: TNA PROB series; Taunton (Somerset Heritage Centre); summarised on site
The last of the Whitchurch lords of the manor. Inherited from his grandfather (William Whitchurch the Younger), and held the manor briefly before selling it to Peter Walter.
Money Scrivener. Held the manor (as well as much of the Blackmore Vale) for around twenty-five years.
A detailed description and valuation of Weston’s lands, tenants and rights, made to show its actual and potential income.
Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies (HALS), XI-C-38: ‘A survey of the Demesnes & of the Tenements of the Manor of Weston in the County of Dorset belonging to Peter Walter Esquire as the same were valued by William Whitchurch Esquire when he sold them
Inherited from Peter Walter. Held the manor for seven years.
Inherited from Peter Walter the Younger. Last of the Walter line.
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The rules, rights and obligations by which a particular manor was governed/administered. These customs acquired legal force through long usage and were documented in a Custumal which detailed the rents, services and customs by which customary tenants held their property/land.
We often see the Homage asserting that ‘it is our custom…’ to reinforce the status of customary rights.