Court Officials and Attendance
| Lord of the ManorThe Lord of the Manor was the landowner with legal and economic control over a manor. They collected rents, administered... In full. | William Whitchurch (Esquire) |
| HaywardThe hayward was a manorial official appointed to protect the fields during growing and harvest seasons. Duties included maintaining hedges,... In full. | Anna Snook (widow) |
| The HomageHomage referred to the sworn body of tenants who served as the jury of a manor court. Selection for the... In full. | Robert Bullen, John Carter, Thomas Sergeant, Nicholas Farvis, Henry Snook, Robert Chaffey, Bernard Chamberlin |
| Did not Attend | Free suitorIn the manorial system, a tenant's obligation to attend the manor court was called 'suit of court'. Suit of court... In full.: William Weston (Esquire) Tenants: Abraham Forister (gentleman), Thomas Cook, Richard Snook, Robert Langman, Andrew Loder, William Kember, John Durant, (by marriageJure uxoris ('by right of wife') was how a husband gained rights over his wife's property. In the English property... In full.), John Loder, Elizabeth Hellier, Thomas Bingham, Robert Jolliffe, Thomas Hobbs senior, Mary Hellier (widow), Joan Chamberlin (widow), Ambrose Sergeant, Elizabeth Hancock, Robert Kember (by marriage), Joseph Snook, James Carter, Richard Bishopp, Margaret Miles, George Jolliffe senior, George Jolliffe junior, Thomas Hobbs junior, William Clerke, George Snook, George Crosse, John Smith (by marriage), John Banger, Anna Turner, John Paviatt, Margery Coombs, William Banger |
Property Transactions
| Transaction | Individuals, Relationships and Roles | Premises & Land |
|---|---|---|
| AdmissionAdmission was the legal process granting a new tenant rights to copyhold property. The court 'admitted' someone following a previous... In full. for 3 lives Andrew Loder and took from the lord of the manor three enclosures and communal pasture for seven beasts or seventy sheep in the commonLand over which manorial tenants held shared rights. These typically included common of pasture (grazing), turbary (cutting turf for fuel),... In full. aforesaid with appurtenancesThe legally recognised rights, privileges, and physical elements inseparably attached to a property within a manor. These included both beneficial... In full.. Andrew Loder and John and Richard his sons to hold the property for the term of their joint lives. Rent 10s HeriotHeriot was a duty the lord of the manor collected at the end of a tenancy. It traditionally consisted of... In full. when due, FineA fine was a customary payment made to the lord of the manor upon changes to tenancy arrangements. It acknowledged... In full. £34 paid. recent heriot included. | Andrew Loder (recent tenure, formally admittedAdmission was the legal process granting a new tenant rights to copyhold property. The court 'admitted' someone following a previous... In full. as tenant) Mary Chamberlin (widow, deceased, former tenant) John Loder (son of Andrew, admitted in reversionThe automatic transfer of a tenancy upon the termination of the current tenant's interest. In manorial practice, reversions were commonly... In full.) Richard Loder (son of Andrew) | Three enclosures of pasture called North West Close, South Close and North East Close at a location called Weybridge and containing about fourteen acres. Communal pasture for two beasts or twenty sheep in the common of Stalbridge Weston (part of the tenementA tenement was any holding of land with at least one building. A customary tenement was held according to the... In full. and FarthingdaleA historical unit of measurement for an area of land that is equivalent to one-quarter of a larger area. Sources... In full. of land with appurtenances formerly in the tenure of Mary Chamberlin widow deceased) recently in the tenure of the aforesaid Andrew Loder. These premises were surrendered and retaken but with communal pasture for 7 beasts or 70 sheep. |
| SurrenderSurrender was the formal procedure of returning a copyhold tenancy to the lord of the manor. It served several purposes:... In full. and Admission for 3 lives. Richard Snook and George and Ambrose his brothers surrender their joint tenancy, after which Richard Snook and George Snook and Nathaniel Snook his sons take the tenancy for the term of their lives and whichever of them lives longest in succession. Rent 2s Heriot 10s Fine £5 10s (the fine includes a heriot) | Richard Snook (surrenderer, admitted) George Snook (brother of Richard, joint surrenderer) Ambrose Snook (brother of Richard, joint surrenderer) John Snook (deceased, former tenant) George Snook (son of Richard, second life, admitted in reversion) Nathaniel Snook (son of Richard, third life, admitted in reversion) | One enclosure of land or pasture called Lane End containing about six acres ( formerly in the tenure of John Snook deceased). |
| Admission in Reversion for single life. Ambrose Snook takes the reversion of the tenancy, to come into effect immediately upon the death surrender or forfeiture of Anne Snook and Ambrose Snook and Richard Snook. Rent 15s Heriot when due Fine £35 paid | Ambrose Snook Richard Snook (brother of Ambrose) Elizabeth Snooke (widow, former tenant) Anne Snook (widow, current holder, mother of Ambrose) Samuel Snook (child son of Ambrose, admitted in reversion) | One customary tenementA tenement was any holding of land with at least one building. A customary tenement was held according to the... In full. and Farthingdale of land with common enclosures for sheep. |
presentments by the Homage
| PresentmentPresentments constituted the formal declarations and findings submitted by the Homage at each sitting of the manor court. The Homage... In full. | Individuals, Relationships and Roles | Premises & Land or Rights |
|---|---|---|
| Customary RightsThe rules, rights and obligations by which a particular manor was governed/administered. These customs acquired legal force through long usage... In full. | It is our customThe rules, rights and obligations by which a particular manor was governed/administered. These customs acquired legal force through long usage... In full. to have firebootBoot (or Bote) was a customary right allowing tenants to take timber for designated purposes. Categories included: Fireboot (deadwood for... In full. without assignmentManorial custom might require agreement (assignment) to use common resources, such as wood for building or repairing houses (houseboot). In full. and housebootBoot (or Bote) was a customary right allowing tenants to take timber for designated purposes. Categories included: Fireboot (deadwood for... In full. and ploughbootBoot (or Bote) was a customary right allowing tenants to take timber for designated purposes. Categories included: Fireboot (deadwood for... In full. with assignment | |
| Customary Rights | No tenant is allowed to take any agistmentAgistment was an arrangement whereby landowners or tenants permitted others to pasture their livestock on lands for a specified fee.... In full. sheep to the common and let them lodge or couchIn manorial usage, 'to lodge or couch' on the common means that animals grazing there remain resting or lying, typically... In full. there. They are to be penned, and if not penned by the tenant who allowed them onto the common, any other tenant is free to pen them. | |
| Death and Tenancy Change | Richard Snooke the elder (deceased) Ann Snook (Richard’s widow, next taker) | Richard Snooke the elder has died since the last court and a heriot was due to the lord. Ann Snooke his relictThe surviving spouse of a deceased person, almost always the widow. The word appears frequently in probate documents, where a... In full. is the next taker. |
| Antisocial Behaviour | John Banger | John Banger has not levelled the encroachment he lately took out of the common |
| Maintenance and Repair | Elizabeth Hellier (widow) | The outhousing of Elizabeth Hellier (widow) needs to be repaired and we order her to repair the same by Michaelmas next on pain of'On pain of' was a phrase in presentments specifying the penalty for non-compliance with a court directive. When the court... In full. 10s. (Margin note: done) |
| Antisocial Behaviour | Nicholas Farvice | Nicholas Farvice has made an encroachment on the common |
| Maintenance and Repair | The stile and Bridge at Southground against the common need to be repaired and ought to be repaired by the lord of the manor | |
| Maintenance and Repair | George Jolliffe the elder Thomas Hobbs | The stile and bridge of George Jolliffe the elder against Thomas Hobbs Easter is in default and ought to be repaired by Midsummer next on pain of 5s. |
| Maintenance and Repair | Robert Kember Robert Langman John Loder Thomas Hobbs the elder George Crosse Robert Chaffy Thomas Hobbs the younger | Pye Lane gate needs repair and that ought to be done by Robert Kember, Robert Langman, John Loder, Thomas Hobbs the elder, George Crosse, Robert Chaffy and Thomas Hobbs the younger and we order them to repair it before Michaelmas next on pain of 2s 6d each person |
| Antisocial Behaviour | Andrew Loder | Andrew Loder keeps a great number of sheep in the Common and they are kept by his shepherds’ on the best part of the common and other tenants’ sheep are driven off their usual soil into other parts of the common by his boys that follow his sheep. This has happened last year and this. |
| Antisocial Behaviour | Robert Kember the elder Robert Langman William Kember | By the oath of Robert Kember the elder, Robert Langman takes hay from William Kember’s estate and uses it on his own. Likewise he lops trees that ought not to be lopped. |
| Failure to do suitIn the manorial system, a tenant's obligation to attend the manor court was called 'suit of court'. Suit of court... In full. | We present all the tenants that have not appeared (and they are amercedAn amercement was a monetary penalty imposed by the court for breaching custom. The origin of the word reflects the... In full. 6d each) |